The Birdcage Archives

Saturday, 1 September 2018

The Future Library Project Names Newest Writer


Hello Gentle Reader

It’s been four years since the Future Library Project has begun and its first secret manuscript has been locked away from the world for a hundred years—that would Margaret Atwood’s “Scribbler Moon.” Since then, three other writers have been asked to relinquish an original piece of literary work to the project; they include: David Mitchell from the United Kingdom, Sjon from Iceland, and Elif Shafak from Turkey. The newest writer to be inducted into the Future Library Project is the internationally renowned (South) Korean writer, Han Kang.

The induction of Han Kang will mark the first time the Future Library Project has left the North American and Europe sphere of influence, and enter the Far East. Han Kang is a unique choice for the project; she’s a recent international literary breakthrough. Her novel “The Vegetarian,” won the Man Booker International Prize, and was critically acclaimed, as has been her novel “Human Acts,” and her uniquely poignant poetic modernist autobiographical portrait: “The White Book.” Since her prize winning novel “The Vegetarian,” Han Kang has been a constant star on the literary scene and translated literature. Her themes, however, are universal as they are subversive of the everyday cruelty, injustice, madness, and violence which transpire throughout the world on a day to day basis, as well as give commentary on the fragility and frailty of human life in all its precious preoccupations. Katie Paterson, the artist behind the project, remarked that Han Kang’s work can be at times uncomfortable, as it forces the reader to confront the blatant transience of life; a loss of trust in humankind, the acts of mourning and remembering, but also about the shared ideal of human dignity, which in today’s world is a triumphant beacon of hope, but sadly is never boisterous enough to echo louder over the ranting and raving lunacy of contemporary society.  

The Future Library Project has been kind enough to honour such wonderful writers of today whose manuscripts when they are published a hundred years from now will echo their authors original voices, far beyond when they themselves have gone silent lost to both memory and time. The time capsule not only preservers their work, but also their spirit and voice for a hundred years, when it will be released once again, at which point it will echo through the forest, in a time and a society yet completely foreign to it.

I have not had the pleasure of reading Han Kang; yet, I do view her in contrast to her contemporary Bae Suah. Yet, Bae Suah, is more an outsider then Han Kang perhaps; and her work is noted for being more cerebral in scope and delivery; whereas Han Kang is said to occupy the heart and soul of society; Bae Suah, occupies the mind and the shadow. Both writers I presume (as I’ve only read Suah) are remarkable in their talents, and I do hope Bae Suah, will be considered for the project as well in the near future as well.

For now Han Kang will draft a manuscript to join the works of the following authors and their manuscripts:

(2014) Margaret Atwood – “Scribbler Moon,”
(2015) David Mitchell – “From Me Flows What You Call Time,”
(2016) Sjon – “As My Brow Brushes On The Tunics Of Angels or The Drop Tower, the Roller Coaster, the Whirling Cups and other Instruments of Worship from the Post-Industrial Age.”
(2017) Elif Shafak – “The Last Taboo,”

Perhaps the greatest pity of the future library project is we will not be around to read the anthology of voices of this age being presented to the world a hundred years from now. It’s a curious thought what they’ve written, and what remarks they have made on contemporary society and the world, and what kind of society and world will greet them when they have been awakened from their capsule.

Congratulations to Han Kang for receiving the honour to join the project and offer her own voice to the chorus of the past which will sail through time, only to be reawakened a century later to be read, analyzed, and pondered on.

Thank-you For Reading Gentle Reader
Take Care
And As Always
Stay Well Read

M. Mary

Friday, 31 August 2018

Swedish Academy Members Set Return; Then Not Return


Hello Gentle Reader

It’s been a confusing day or two, for the Swedish Academy. Since a scandalous spring and the academy’s international strife and eventual split, the Swedish Academy has been at the center of attention, as well as the subject of discussions, debates, and gossip over the past few months. Yesterday, the Swedish newspaper:  Svenska Dagbladet; had published an article claiming that: Sara Danius, Peter Englund, and Kjell Espmark, would be returning to the academy. Today, this report has been called erroneous and misinformed. Sara Danius for example, has stated she has neither desire, nor wish, or plan on returning to the Swedish Academy. Peter Englund, has also stated he has no desire to return to the Academy on any functionary basis; however, he has also stated, he has or is considering returning to the academy on the premise of only voting in new members, and has no desire to participate in any matters beyond this. Kjell Espmark, on the flipside has stated that he is open in returning to the Swedish Academy, on the grounds of assisting in in voting and inducting new members into the Swedish Academy and by extension may have eluded that Sara Danius and Peter Englund would be joining him helping the embattled academy to regain its required numbers once again.

The reports are flippant and unsure of which case is true. Though it appears concrete that Sara Danius will not be rejoining the Swedish Academy any time soon; as for Peter Englund there remains slight uncertainties, though he may participate on electing and inducting new members into the distraught institution; and Kjell Espmark has made it clear he will most likely reconvene with the Swedish Academy, in order to help them elect new members, and help rebuild and reestablish the Swedish Academy to its former glory, what that entails is still unclear.

The reports and statements at this time remain subjects of scrutiny, as individuals seek to find clarity about the situation. Of course these statements appear less achromous then of those prior, when the above trio stated they would return to help the Swedish Academy rebuild itself on the condition that Horace Engdahl resigns. Engdahl fired back stating these demands came from a ‘clique of sore losers,’ and that they were more than welcome to return then whenever they wish, without making such egregious demands. In another joint statement from Peter Englund, Kjell Espmark and Sara Danius, is they wish to clarify a few points of issues with their stance on the Swedish Academy, and its remaining members: they have considered the possibility of reconvening with the academy as it currently stands, in a passive position to vote in new members; that is all.

The Swedish Academy will meet for the first time since its summer break on September 6th. For now Gentle Reader, the future of the Swedish Academy remains uncertain as it teeters on the edge of purgatory, where it will be either be damned; or it will begin the slow crawl from the ashen ruins, and begin to rebuild not only itself but its reputation, prestige and integrity.

Thank-you For Reading Gentle Reader
Take Care
And As Always
Stay Well Read

M. Mary



For Further Reading Gentle Reader, Please see the following articles:



"Ex members of Nobel literature body 'no plans on returning'"

"Swedish Academy members deny full return to scandal-ridden body,"

"Englund and Danius: "No plans to return""

"3 members of Nobel literature prize body to return,"


Thursday, 30 August 2018

The Alternative Nobel Prize, Shortlist


Hello Gentle Reader

The Alternative Nobel Prize, has listed the following writers, as those who have received the majority votes to be considered heavily on the shortlist. The following four writers are:

Haruki Murakami – Japan
Maryse Condé – Guadeloupe
Neil Gaiman – United Kingdom
Kim Thúy – Vietnam/Canada

From a longlist of forty-seven writers, the above four are what the shortlist remains. When reviewing the shortlist in comparison to the longlist, one is left slightly baffled and even wondering. On the longlist, twelve writers were nominated from Sweden and another twelve were nominated for the United States of America, for a grand total of twenty four writers being nominated from those two countries alone. The shortlist, which in part was drafted by the votes collected online, apparently paid neither attention, or mind to those authors hailing from those regions.

Overall the shortlist appears rather shocking when one considers some of the writers who were included on the longlist such as: Margaret Atwood, J.K. Rowling, Elena Ferrante, Don DeLillo, Olga Tokarczuk, Thomas Pynchon, Cormac McCarthy, and Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o. The only writer, named on the shortlist that has ever been considered a frontrunner for the Nobel Prize for Literature, is: Haruki Murakami. Maryse Condé, has been discussed lightly on the edges—she was nominated for the Man Booker International Prize; while Neil Gaiman, has never been considered for the prize (at least to our knowledge), and this would be the first time Kim Thúy, has had any connection near or otherwise to the Nobel Prize for Literature, and subsequent speculation.

This makes for an interesting shortlist; but it also means the merits of the shortlist are also brought into question. Whenever an organization or an institution solicits the of the public, the results can always eschewed and criticized for lacking any depth or knowledge on the institutions part, in which case they would rely on the populist perspective in order to make a decision. It can certainly be stated, this is not the Nobel Prize for Literature, and it is certainly not a shortlist which would be associated with the Swedish Academy.

In the end, one can wish the shortlisted authors the best of luck. My bets are, is one will probably see Haruki Murakami walking away with the award, considering his reputation and international appeal.

Thank-you For Reading Gentle Reader
Take Care
And As Always
Stay Well Read

M. Mary

Wednesday, 22 August 2018

The Nobel Prize for Literature: What Little Remains


Hello Gentle Reader

Summer break is coming to a close both for students but also the Swedish Academy. Since the start of the summer it has been quiet on the front of the Swedish Academy, who has retained its stony silence since the eruption of scandal in the spring, which has seen the Academy’s numbers dwindled down to ten active sitting members and the Nobel Prize for Literature for two-thousand and eighteen being postponed until two-thousand and nineteen. Considering the state and behaviour of the Swedish Academy over the past few months, the Nobel Foundation, has grown increasingly concerned about the conduct and the reputation of the academy, which it believes has damaged the Noble Prize for Literatures prestige and reputation. The Executive Director of the Nobel Foundation, Lars Heikensten has been expressed grave concern about the conduct of the Swedish Academy and has encouraged the academy to repair its reputation and organize its affairs, while regaining the public’s trust. Lars Heikensten understands his authority over the awarding institutions is limited, but has made it quite clear that in the event the Swedish Academy is unable to restore faith with the public, as the executive director of the Nobel Foundation, and therefore the executor of Alfred Nobel’s will, the Nobel Foundation has the authority and ability to withhold the prize money to any future laureate, on the grounds the Swedish Academy has still failed in resolving its internal governance issues, and regaining the trust from the public. Yet it is speculated that in the event the Swedish Academy continues tromp and trudge in its current direction, the Nobel Foundation, will seek an alternative institution to award the Nobel Prize for Literature; however, this route is rumored to be expensive and legally contentious.

Considering the events over the spring, as well as the facts there has been no move or word from the Swedish Academy as to how it will rebuild itself, the Nobel Foundation had sent a letter to the academy proposing a temporary solution, while the Swedish Academy organizes its affairs. The temporary solution proposed by Lars Heikensten, on behalf of the Nobel Foundation, was to create in essence a shadow committee of the Swedish Academy, who would receive nominations for the Nobel Prize for Literature, then organize and adjudicate accordingly, before sitting down for the final stages of discussions, debates, and the final vote. This would mean the award going forward would not be tainted by the current body’s previous behaviour and conduct. Sadly, however, Anders Olsson the pro temporare Permanent Secretary of the Swedish Academy wrote back to the Nobel Foundation whereby he declined their request, on behalf of the remaining members of the Swedish Academy. Andres Olsson points out; the request raises numerous legalities and challenges, to which Lars Heikensten pointedly made clear: everything at this point is going to be met with legalities and legal uncertainties, yet accepts the decision of the academy as their own by their own autonomy. The remaining members of the Swedish Academy have seen fit they seek to handle the matter internally, to which Lars Heikensten has made it clear that the ball is in their court, and they truly are on their own to repair their reputation, rebuild their fractured and damage institution, and regain the trust of the public, while restoring the integrity of the award.

Personally, I am not sure how the Swedish Academy intends to move forward at this point. First of all they lack the necessary members to hold a quorum. If my research is correct, they need twelve members to

A: elect new members;
B: come to a consensus on the Nobel Laureate for Literature

Currently the Swedish Academy only has ten members actively serving, and without the necessary twelve members, they would be unable to elect and induct new members, and by extension no laureate would be able to be named either. All of this means is it is appears the Swedish Academy will be fighting an uphill battle, one in which they are more than likely going to fail at climbing successfully; which means the future of the Swedish Academy and the Nobel Prize for Literature hangs in an uncertain limbo. It is safe to assume Lars Heikensten and the Nobel Foundation have since washed their hands of the Swedish Academy, and has left them to their own devices. It would not be unfair to assume either that the Swedish Academy, through its stony silence, is unsure of how to move past the scandal and regain its former glory. Personally, I have no issue stating that the Swedish Academy’s current petulant behaviour is exaggerated and pantomime. Their inability to accept help as its being offered has cut their proverbial nose off despite their face. Their egos have gotten in their way to see the damage they have done to the award, and their current behaviour tarnishes all future laureates and awards. How the Swedish Academy will move beyond this is up to them, but their current behaviour strikes me as they think they can continue on with the business as though nothing has changed; all the while the complete opposite is true: everything has changed, and they need to adjust to these new situation or risk being forgotten in its entirety.

In the event the Swedish Academy is unable to get its affairs in order, there appears to be increasing pressure put on the King of Sweden to dismiss all current siting members of the Swedish Academy, and wipe the slate clean, while appointing new members. The other possible remedy is the Nobel Foundation seeks another institution to award the Nobel Prize for Literature; but this too will be met with legal challenges by the ten remaining members of the Swedish Academy.

Moving away from the Swedish Academy’s current state of mutilation, Sara Danius recently opened up about her decision to leave the academy, and with no surprise she is bitterly resentful over the situation. She described her revulsion in reading the claims by the eighteen women, who have accused Jean-Claude Arnault of sexual assault and rape. She dismissed the claims of Horace Engdahl as being one of the worst Permanent Secretaries in the academy’s history, and remains baffled by his behaviour during the entire scandal, going so far as to state when Swedish Academy decided to employ the law firm to investigate the accusations and the academy’s connections, he was very supportive, but quickly changed his tune after the Christmas Break, and only a few months later, scandal erupted, and the Swedish Academy could only attempt to put out the flames, as they popped up. When asked about her resignation, Sara Danius did little hide her bitterness in which she called a: “horse trade,” between herself and the disgraced member: Katarina Frostenson, who has not yet formally resigned from the academy.

This is entirely unfortunate when reflected on from March until August. The Nobel Prize for Literature and the Swedish Academy, have been great assets and allies in expanding my literary palette; which makes the current behaviour exhibited by the remaining Swedish Academy disheartening, and also wondering how the Nobel Prize for Literature will be able to come through this scandal without being tarnished—but the truth is: it is already tarnished. Now it is up to the Swedish Academy to rectify the situation, which of course they have proven to be incapable of doing. My personal hope is that the his Majesty Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden, will dismiss the remaining members of the academy and appoint a new eighteen members, and save the Nobel Prize for Literature from further scandal, and sustain what integrity it has left.

Thank-you For Reading Gentle Reader
Take Care
And As Always
Stay Well Read

M. Mary

For Further Reading Gentle Reader please see the following articles:



Tuesday, 14 August 2018

Imagination vs Authenticity


Hello Gentle Reader

The term Cultural Appropriation has been flying around the world in recent memory. The term is of course once again attributed to the political far-left—the same far-left who push for political correctness and censorship. Their next method of attack is the idea of: Cultural Appropriation, which is a term used to demonize artists, writers, musicians, and cultural figures, which employ different cultures or attributes from that of their own cultural background, upbringing, language, ethnicity, creed or ancestral heritage. The politically radical left believes and states that when a writer or musician or artist, or dancer, or other cultural figure uses other elements from another culture, they are knowingly entering a dominance hierarchy, against the minority culture, which belittles, humiliates and degrades their traditions, cultural tropes and practices. The politically radical left has deemed this: Cultural Appropriation; and use these terms to fight (not debate) and offensively ridicule (again not debate or discuss) artists, writers, dancers, musicians and other cultural figures; who now feel they are limited in their themes and topics they can write about, because they are afraid they will be accused of cultural appropriation. This is essentially the promotion and induction of censorship.

In today’s world imagination is falling to the wayside in favour of authenticity. Back in the day a good story was appreciated, because it entertained, was emotionally riveting, eye opening, and explorative in its contents. Now days in order for a book to meet these same standards of the joy of reading; its writers must meet a certain set of checklists to ensure their work cannot be considered a product of cultural appropriation. For men this may look like the following:

(i)                 Is the main character of the same sex as yours? (Does the character choose to identify by said pronoun?) – If not the characters sex needs to be changed. [In fact do not use the term sex, us the term gender.]

(ii)                Is the setting realistic or fantastical?

(a)    If realistic: do you live there personally? If not: do you have experience living there? – If you’re setting is different than both where you live personally and having experience living in, please change them; as these descriptions and depictions maybe offensive to some readers.

(b)   If fantastical: does the imagined landscape borrow, steal, or procure unlawfully any cultural traditions, practices, rituals, religious iconography, mythological components, clothing, textile, or industry? If so, this needs to be changed, as you have just committed cultural appropriation. Does your setting take use cultural landscapes or architecture? If yes, you have committed cultural appropriation.

(iii)             Is the storyline and events within the story conclusive to your own history and a reflection of your cultural upbringing? If not you are required to change this as the events cannot be depicted with emotional authenticity.

(iv)             Are female characters presented in the text? F yes, you need to remove them as you are not able to write about a female as you have no authentic background, in which to depict their character.

The list could go on. Though it seems extreme—and it is—it still is considered an adequate description of what the hell is going on and what is being called cultural appropriation. Today’s world is not demanding imagination; it is not demanding flights of fancy and fantasy, its demanding for bland cement authenticity, by those who apparently lack imagination themselves.

In a recent article for The Guardian, Morgan Jones asks the question of how free should, a writer be when it comes to imagining and depicting a life, which is completely radical and different from the writers own. In it, Morgan Jones, defends his recent novel: “The Good Sister,” which is about a Egyptian teenage girl signing up to join ISIS—the English author finds himself pondering if he will face some ethical tribunal, with regards to his depiction of a imagined individual, who is extremely different from him in both gender and cultural identity as well as experience. Mr. Jones predicts he will face numerous inquiries and questions with regards to his subject matter, character, and theme from readers, credits, and of course the politically motivated far left. In his article, Morgan Jones provides an understanding to both sides, but obviously will move way from cultural appropriation, which he views (though not literally stated) as a bit of moral ineptitude with a high dosage of impertinence. He reminds all readers, that all writers have sought inspiration and stories far beyond their own limited experiences in order to gain inspiration from the experiences and stories of others. But writers (or artists and other compatriots) are not there to use this new found inspiration, and discovered experiences to promote colonialism or manipulate a minority’s culture to further their own gain, be it financial or political; the goal is to tell great stories and to entertain. Without that ability to ‘steal,’ experiences, memories, and even cultural identities, writers and other artistic professions, will become homogeneous and uninspired.

At a speech at the Brisbane Writers Festival, Lionel Shiver took the opportunity to discuss the claims and crimes of cultural appropriation. It should be noted, Shiver, has been accused by some politically charged critics and readers, for being a white privileged author who has utilized and exploited other cultures (specifically African-American and Latino). Shiver, took the opportunity to shoot back. She claims that it’s a writer’s job to try on others hats and slip into their shoes, and build empathetic and culturally assured bridges. One noted audience member, social activist Yassmin Abdel-Magied, took issue with the direction of the speech and opted to leave the speech, and pen a counter article, where she accused Lion Shiver of justifying cultural appropriation practices under the guise of fiction. Shiver, however, has not backed down, and will not back down, and that should be applauded. Her fight is against the blatant call for authors to be self-censoring, is unyielding, undying, and completely appropriate.

In another piece with The Guardian, the newspaper interviewed several writers about cultural appropriation and their thoughts on the matter. Hari Kunzru stated for the series that if writers are unable to look beyond their own culture, gender and identity, fiction would be impossible. Kamila Shamsie, deplores the idea that writers are confined to the idea that they are only able to write fiction based on their own experiences. She uses Peter Hobb’s novel “In the Orchard, the Swallows,” as her basis of how writers looking beyond and outside of themselves, as a great potential for them to seek new narratives, new voices, and new characters, while learning and growing as both a writer and a human being. She does not believe people or writers should not be limited in their imagination, based on the ideals of political correctness; but does believe when exploring new cultural frontiers one should do their research and become in essence an anthropologist to understand all facets of the culture and traditions one is writing about. Al Kennedy points out the beauty of fiction when faced with accusations of cultural appropriation; that fiction does not steal it creates. Fiction seeks the consent of both writer and reader, to become someone else. Someone of a different gender, sexual orientation, ethnicity, cultural heritage, or nation; it’s the ability to become and empathize and in a sense learn more about something that you may not have given a second thought to. Maggie Gee, offers perhaps the best advice on the debate, and encourages writers to shrug off such criticism; but does note it should be taken slightly seriously. The beauty of the entire world of being a writer is the ability to explore and to discover, and in return publish and display their version of reality to the public.   

The debate and argument of cultural appropriation today is as about has become old and absurd. Its asinine to think people will take such issue with matters of place, culture, and identity in today’s world. It is frightening to think that groups of people (be it minority or majority) believe they have the right to decide and lay claim and property on cultural items such as novels and films, while disregarding other work as mere cultural appropriation, because they find the depiction—or worst—the thought that the book or film has been envisioned by someone outside of that cultural hemisphere or environment. The idea that authenticity outweighs imagination is ludicrous. I certainly am not interested in reading carbon copy novels by writers, detailing their lives and their experiences, where the character is a mere clone of themselves, because they are now being forced to respect the cultural boundaries of others, because these others resent the idea of appreciation and instead call it appropriation. It’s disgusting. The world is a bright, beautiful and big place, filled with so many untold stories and unique lives; they should be explored, they should be discovered, and they should be documented; and no it’s not cultural appropriation its appreciation. The goal should always be to show that the human race despite border, ethnicity, cultural environment, landscape, or religious practices or history, is a rich spectrum of texture and experiences that should be displayed. Fiction and artistic medium, has the ability to remove these borders and boundaries, and allow the world to gain appreciation and empathy for one another. At this point in human history, it’s about time people began to understand that it’s the human race which transcends these petty squabbles. This idea of cultural appropriation and political correctness, are blatant attempts at forcing writers, artists, musicians, dancers, and other cultural figures to censor themselves, because a very small group of people who have very large lungs will cry foul. I am sorry: being offended is not the same as being moral or righteous; its repugnant, and frankly the equivalent of being morally impotent.

Thank-you For Reading Gentle Reader
Take Care
And As Always
Stay Well Read

M. Mary

For Further Reading Gentle Reader, Please See the Following Articles from The Guardian, mentioned in the above blog post: 




Monday, 13 August 2018

V.S. Naipaul, Dies Aged 85


Hello Gentle Reader

By contemporary memories standards there has been no writer currently writing who has done as much for post-colonial literature, as well as literature of South American (and the Caribbean), Indian literature, as well as English literature, then V.S. Naipaul. On the same hand, there has not been a writer as prickly, contemptuous, vitriolic, and controversial as V.S. Naipaul. There has also never been a writer (by contemporary standards) who has been blessed with being both controversially infuriating and critically acclaimed and applauded, as V.S. Naipaul. Throughout his long and illustrious career, the author was both hailed and deplored; yet his talents could never be dismissed. The same, however, can not necessarily be said about his character.

V.S. Naipaul began his literary career with comedic novels, but over time his gaze grew more cynical, more social, and steely. He displayed with unflinching and brutal honesty the terrors and horrors of colonialism, and the following panic and dread of post-colonialism. All the while the author explored ideas of place and its correlation to identity, themes which preoccupied throughout his long career. His travelogues, essays, and novels have depicted with abrupt honesty the terrors of the developing world; infuriated the people who reside within their nations, who accused him of casting a contemptuous eye on their struggles for development and modernity; while others appreciated the abrupt, forthright and acerbic commentary he had employed when discussing these otherwise ‘sensitive,’ topics. Despite this he would go on win to numerous accolades in his life time and career, including but not limited to: The Booker Prize and the Nobel Prize for Literature; as well as a knighthood.

Throughout his life though, Naipaul, inspired numerous feuds with many high profile associates and fellow writers which included but not limited to: Derek Walcott, Salman Rushdie, and his former student (though they did make peace in the end) Paul Theroux. He famously stated he could within a paragraph or two whether or not a piece of writing was done by a woman or not (which outraged many, and earned him the title: misogynist). He declared the rampant rise of Islam and Islamic law (sharia law) to that of colonialism. Yet, throughout it all, the authors work could not be ignored, and its startling and often disturbing portrait won him acclaim worldwide. He was a finicky national treasure, and many nations claimed them as his own. Yet the author, a literary chameleon and fussy individual refuted all claims of assertions of property or belonging.

Now, tributes, obituaries, articles, and interviews are written and resurface, commemorating and remembering the late Trinidad-Indian English language author, who chronicled the last half of the twentieth century both with comedy, but also uncomfortable irony; who brutally and unapologetically described and defined the often squandered world of colonialism and post-colonialism. Yet, these accomplishments, literary and personal cannot be overlooked or ignored, despite their otherwise uncomfortable content. V.S. Naipaul was certainly a writer of the times, and a chronicler of the age.

Rest in Peace, V.S. Naipaul.

Thank-you For Reading Gentle Reader
Take Care
And As Always
Stay Well Read

M. Mary

Thursday, 2 August 2018

I am the Brother of XX


Hello Gentle Reader

When some people discuss the act of writing and its literary endeavors, they at times make the comparison of a writer being the closest mortal being to god. Or the profession being the closest occupation to that of a divine deity. Who can blame them for their opinion though? With a stroke of their pen or a few taps of some keys; a writer can create and devastate. They haphazardly construct worlds without a second thought. They give birth to characters without consequence. Both character and world are treated with mere playful regard. When they have served their purpose or have reached their amusing capacity, they are left to drift and spin into the blind eternities of nothing; or merely killed off, where they are denied both happiness and love; their story unfinished and lacking resolution. If writers are like god(s), then surely they are the most celestial capricious characters, convicted of their own narcissism and self-importance, which is more often than not, denied in their realistic lives and world. This lack of importance or unjust disregard to their talents and character ensures they resign themselves to their worlds embraced in scaffolding, and crafted with bubble fragility. There they arbitrarily deposit their unsuspecting victims, their imagined characters; who at one moment were drafted and molded with care and concern, and the next tiresome and tedious and discarded with irritation and resentment. Those abandoned characters find themselves lost and forgotten in a landscape unfinished. The unseen construction workers are busy laying bricks, paving roads, installing windows, and setting up street lights. When they run out of materials and there is nothing on order, they pick up chalk and scribble the necessary implants for urban living on the half-finished landscape. For the characters lack the industrious purpose allocated to the construction crew, they must find a way to fit into their new landscape. Their fate had not been developed. They act the best they can in a logical order, but the landscape is inconsistent in varying stages of completion. A house may have walls and a roof; but it has neither furniture nor appliances. They sleep on dirt floors, and build fires in random rooms. It is here they must scrap some existence and some purpose, which has now only dwindled down to survival, as they have been abandoned to a half-finished world, which will slowly decay and decline, into a further state of refuse, at which point it will drift further and further away from acknowledgement and thought, until in the outer edges of amnesiac awareness, it will implode. The final end will be subtle and quiet, without bang or boom. All that will remain will be dust and a few bit of ruins littered about. Someday these little remnants will be trawled and brought back from the wastes of the afterthought and be repurposed in creating a new world, until the writer turned Prometheus, discards this world with monotonous boredom. There the unfinished heaven will drift further and further away until it too implodes and its ruined afterimage risks being lost to oblivion.

In the case of Fleury Jaeggy, she does not absent mindedly forget about her envisioned worlds. They do not generate long enough to become bored or tiresome. Right out of the gate, she immediately shatters and smashes her newly formed creations. From there, she extracts splinters, shards, and fragments, and rearranges these glistening obsidian and sapphire gems, into a twisted, complex and gothic mosaic, depicting her unique worlds in all their twisted and tortured glory. The world of Fleur Jaeggy is populated by solitary landscapes: isolated boarding schools, remnants of mansions smoldering at dusk, squandered apartment complexes, concrete low-income housing facilities, or homes for pensioners and the geriatrics (or for those who are merely waiting).  These brutalist and gothic settings are populated by the disenfranchised, forgotten, marginalized, and deranged. When charity or goodwill or even human decency is offered or displayed, the kindness is returned with malice, discontent, and extreme forms of violence, which includes but is not limited to: murder and arson.

The melodramatic histrionics of her subjects and themes would easily snare and drowned a lesser writer. Yet, Fleur Jaeggy undermines these pitfalls through her style. Where other writers would pick up pen and write long convoluted sentences, in memory of an author of the Victorian era, complete with tracery and the dramatic martyrdom of madness, seeking redemption and reveal; Jaeggy’s prose and style is clipped and terse. They are etched with steel and iron, deprived of any display of emotion. Yet beneath the cool metallic surface, lies a brewing molten undercurrent of violence, resentment, and madness. Her characters are always on the edge of eruption; even if no one is around to witness their final act of life. For her characters exist in the lonely snow peaked steep mountains; or a mansion precariously built on a cliff, hanging above the void; or the emotionally stunted world of boarding schools, where life’s rigid itinerary leaves no room for any grand displays of discontent or distress. The expectation is everything is left to simmer under the surface. This tension is slowly revealed through her lyrical prose, which only offers an inclination or a brief glimpse into the hellfire lurking beneath the cold façade of her characters, who seek refuge in their hermitages or willfully imprison themselves in solitary confinement. This immediate distrust towards life makes itself apparent quickly and early on. In the titular story (“I am the Brother of XX,”) the narrator, a young boy at the time, answers his grandmothers prodding question of what he would like to do when he grows up:

“’[ . . . ] I want to die. I want to die when I grow up. I want to die soon.”

In another story a lonely old woman who has suffered the claustrophobic confines of her solitude, which has gifted her with a greater perspective and charitable heart, decides to take in an orphan girl. After a while she bequeaths her estate and fortune to her newly acquired humanistic project. The orphan, however, has other desires and plans. She has neither care nor desire for money, and kills her benefactor and burns the mansion down. This transgression is done simply for the enjoyment of the destruction itself, which is described in Fleur Jaeggy’s cool and dispassionate prose, deprived of histrionics or other exaggerated forms of sentimentality, or pantomime carnivalesque colours.

Not all of the stories collected in “I am the Brother of XX,” are filled with extreme and sudden acts of violence and destruction. There is, however, a continual atmosphere of dread and simmering rage which moves throughout the collection. It’s just not always unleashed or released upon the world, or the unsuspecting victims and other collateral damage; which comes in complete contrast to her early short story collection: “Last Vanities,” where violence quickly explodes forth, with neither justice nor redemption in sight. There is a uncertain relationship directed towards life. The characters are not entirely sure what life and living entails. Though not as severe as the young boy in the titular story, who stated he only wishes to die when he grows up; they have an uneasy relationship with the act of living. A realization which is best explained by the nymphs who come down from their painting in order to get a taste of life only to question their decision:

“[ .  . . ] having descended to earth, they realized they were ill-disposed to living.”

Other stories—at times the most telegraphic in the collection—depict memories and reminisces of friends, as well as imagined scenes of their lives. These stories have a different mood from the others. Yet they too avoid the pitfalls of nostalgia; and retain the restrained austere steel like severity found in her fictional narratives. There is, however, a breath of fresh air presented in these stories, as she remembers her dear friend Ingeborg Bachmann, who is described as having needed: “little encouragement not to speak.” The late Italian author and folklorist, Italo Calvino, also makes an appearance; though he appears less quirky as one would care to envision him; but almost oppressively eccentric, his presence awkward and foreign. Another takes stock of Joseph Brodsky (though he is never named) on a silent solitary winter night in New York, where the famous poet reflects on his forlorn and resentful homeland, which had seen his removal. Upon them are other stories which read like short lyrical essays offering thoughts on life, with a tepid caution, always on the verge of distrust.  Once again they follow in the same vain as the boy from the titular story when he states:

“The importance of succeeding in life is a noose. It’s nothing but a noose.”

Emily Dickinson once wrote: “To live is so startling it leaves little time for anything else.” Fleur Jaeggy and her characters would agree; life is startlingly, but to live is not an immediate action; but rather than an unwelcome and even frightening curse, which they seek to continually remove themselves from; or seek escape and refuge from. Her characters are not entirely sure what it means to live, and what life entails, and they have no desire to explore the idea any further. Life is an iniquitous affair, as well as ubiquitous in its oppression.

The stories in “I am the Brother of XX,” proudly display the jagged and inescapable crystalline prose of Fleur Jaeggy, but one should be hesitant in calling all the stories collected as traditional stories. Some are stories, in the lose confines of conventional narrative; while others are essayistic in form and delivery. This collection is not as concrete as her earlier collection “Last Vanities,” whereupon madness and murder exist under a frail and tense surface, which is wrapped in a cellophane atmosphere of malice. These stories varying in pitch and rhythm and are often disconnected from each other in presentation, but not in preoccupation. The austere and severe authors hand can always be found on the page; where she guides with detached apathy their course and route, whereby the characters are led to their eventual shipwrecks. What is appealing about Fleur Jaeggy though, is her complete objection to all matters considered literary conventional or familiar. She eschews these otherwise standard obligations for a form and style all her own. She inhabits her corner with assured confidence, while remaining impassive and opaque about recognition and praise. Her perspective on the world and its human inhabitants is one with measured ironic amusement, where she has no issue in exploring and exposing the dangers of life, and the ideas of salvation. When a woman steals a wooden cross from a corpse to find comfort; the object of holy relief, tortures her to madness. Another woman—a mother of the narrator—is photographed when she meets the pope, but rather than finding hope or reprieve from existence, she looks on with hopelessness and resignation. In this Fleur Jaeggy states the most apparent reality of what it means to live, which is merely the long process of rotting.

It should be noted; one should not read Fleur Jaeggy for her enjoyment of life, but rather for her crystalline prose, her lyrical language and for her unique perspective as it defies literary conventions, theories and schools. If one is seeking a writer who exists on her own terms, and writes on her own terms, it’s Fleur Jaeggy. Just be hestitant in seeking some moral uplifting message in the vein of a self-help book; or other inspirational driven book, about laughing, loving, praying, and living.

Thank-you For Reading Gentle Reader
Take Care
And As Always
Stay Well Read

M. Mary

Tuesday, 24 July 2018

The Man Booker Prize 2018 Longlist


Hello Gentle Reader

Following the heels of the Golden Booker Prize, the Booker Prize has released this year’s longlist for the coveted English language award. This year’s longlist has been praised as being exciting, diverse, and unusual when compared to prize lists of recent memory and in its past. Before we analyze and review the list any further, Gentle Reader, the following thirteen authors and their respective novels make up this year’s longlist. The following list is organized in particular order, and goes: writer – country – novel; without further ado, here is this year’s Booker Prize longlist:

Esi Edugyan – Canada – “Washington Black,”
Guy Gunaratne – United Kingdom – “In Our Mad And Furious City,”
Daisy Johnson – United Kingdom – “Everything Under,”
Donal Ryan – Ireland – “From A Low And Quiet Sea,”
Belinda Bauer – United Kingdom – “Snap,”
Michael Ondaatje – Canada – “Warlight,”
Sally Rooney – Ireland – “Normal People,”
Richard Powers – United States – “The Overstory,”
Anna Burns – United Kingdom – “Milkman,”
Robin Robertson – United Kingdom – “The Long Take,”
Rachel Kushner – United States – “The Mars Room,”
Sophie Mackintosh – United Kingdom – “The Water Cure,”
Nick Drnaso – United States – “Sabrina,”

Of the thirteen writers and novels listed, once again it is immediate clear that the United Kingdom dominates the list with the most writers listed at six, followed by the United States with three, and two for both Ireland and Canada. The list has been praised for having an abundance of female writers included in it, with seven female writers. In discussing the list, the chair of this year’s Booker Prize judges, Kwame Anthony Appiah, states it should come to no surprise that some of the works included are dystopian in nature, considering the current political environment currently facing the world, and numerous topical issues are discussed concerning: “slavery, ecology, missing persons, inner-city violence, young love, prisons, trauma, race.”

On the list is Michael Ondaatje, who has just recently won the Golden Booker Prize, and over twenty years ago, won the Booker Prize in nineteen-ninety two for his novel: “The English Patient.” Fellow Canadian writer, Esi Edugyan, also finds herself included on this year’s longlist, after previously being shortlisted in two-thousand and eleven.

There are several curious inductees on this year’s longlist; the most noted is the American author Nick Drnaso, and his graphic novel, “Sabrina.” This is the first time in the awards history a graphic novel has ever been longlisted for the prize, and comes as the first time (to my knowledge) a graphic novel was submitted for consideration. Its inclusion has gathered praise by the public and media, who see the Booker Prize opening its door to becoming relevant and welcoming and recognizing the unique position graphic novels inhabit in today’s unique literary world. Beyond its form, “Sabrina,” has been hailed as a finely crafted piece of narrative fiction, where it discusses the disappearance of a young girl, and the state of today’s media saturated world with the 24 news feed and television networks. Its subject matter is considered highly riveting and extremely relevant in today’s world of media saturation, and questions of media literacy and journalistic integrity. Following Nick Drnaso and his graphic novel, as a unique pick, comes the United Kingdom novelist Belinda Bauer. Bauer is well regarded in the United Kingdom as a crime writer. The last time a crime novel was included on the Booker Prize longlist or shortlist, was in two-thousand and eleven, which was a rather controversial year for the Booker Prize, where questions were raised with regards to literary integrity versus entertainment and readability. Personally, I am far to skeptical to think that in seven years the times have progressed (or reduced) to a compromise of literary achievement for popular appeal, at which point awards like the Booker Prize, are expected to make consignments to include both forms of writing. Yet, “Snap,” by Belinda Bauer is being considered transcendental, of the argument between high literary merit and popular fiction. There is no denying her career has been based in and around genre fiction, but her novel “Snap,” has been called an intelligent novel which undermines the pitfalls and tropes of crime fiction, and instead deals with trauma—in this case, three children abandoned by their mother and their survival tactics physical and psychological, as they build their lives and come to terms with the maternal absence. “Snap,” has been praised as a novel which can work both within genre and move beyond it, willing to use generally accepted genre tropes to tell compelling and humanistic works of literature. This is why Belinda Bauer has been longlisted; and perhaps this is why its induction is acceptable then awards of years past. The final curious longlisted work comes for the English writer Robin Robertson, and his novel “The Long Take,” which is noted for mixing both prose and verse. “The Long Take,” is considered a formal experimentation between prose and poetry, and openly parades itself as a difficult piece of work to pin down. That being said, it’s being praised as original, innovative, and strikingly refreshing in today’s literary geography. It takes a pastiche of different components (noir narrative, poetry, and prose) to create a startling unique novel, which defies both classification and expectation. “The Long Take,” is considered a heavy contender, and a noteworthy book vying for this year’s Booker Prize.

When reviewed as a whole, this year’s Book Prize appears to be one of the most interesting, relevant and diverse lists drafted in recent memory. I do have reservations about including a graphic novel on the list, but it makes for an interesting read, and more than anything it will grab headlines, and open a discussion on the matter. Overall, it’s a unique list, one which does not favour an old guard; but rather new and young writers, new forms, as well as topics and themes which are pressing concerns of today’s world, and reflective of the political and sociological climate.

Thank-you For Reading Gentle Reader
Take Care
And As Always
Stay Well Read

M. Mary


For Further Reading Please see the following articles from the Man Booker Foundation website and The Guardian newspaper:




Tuesday, 17 July 2018

A Night Spent with Wisława Szymborska

Hello Gentle Reader

The late poet and Nobel Laureate, Wisława Szymborska, was often noted for being shy or reclusive. She never traveled abroad as a visiting lecturer; she rarely gave interviews, and was fiercely protective of her privacy. For this she was famously called: “the Greta Garbo of world poetry.” Yet this depiction is often unkindly inappropriate, as it paints the poet as a dangerous brown-recluse spider, where she would attack with venom and vitriol, in the event someone trespassed on her shadow, let alone approached her. She may have declined interviews, she may have been shy (even bashful), and she certainly had no desire to engage or lecture on aspects of poetry; but she was never hostile. In fact friends remember the late poet as an incredibly generous, kind, warm and personable person, who possessed a endearing wit and gentle humour, spiked with a keen eye for the ironic. She just happened to facilitate a distinction between her poetry and herself. She firmly believed that her poems stated enough on their own, and never required her assistance in promotion or clarification. She once stated in an interview, when asked why didn’t give interviews (or how rare they were) she is said to have replied (according to herself in the documentary: “End and Beginning: Meeting Wisława Szymborska):

“Because at the time of my birth I signed a contract . . . and there was no mention of giving interviews.”

She would further state:

“And anyway, an interview is only interesting if the author—the person who is interviewed, talks about himself. And I don’t like talking about myself.”

She further ruminates that journalist ask about politics, which is yet another topic she does not prefer to discuss either. She often joked about the lives of poets when compared to scientists or artists; where great films can be made about their lives and their discoveries, or their artistic achievements. But for a poet she ironically coos in her Nobel lecture:

“But poets are the worst. Their work is hopelessly unphotogenic. Someone sits at a table or lies on a sofa while staring motionless at a wall or ceiling. Once in a while this person writes down seven lines only to cross out one of them fifteen minutes later, and then another hour passes, during which nothing happens ... Who could stand to watch this kind of thing?

(Szymborska, Wisława: The Poet and The World. Retrieved from nobelprize.org.)

Even during her Nobel Lecture in nineteen-ninety six, the poet was hesitant to discuss the subject of poetry. Her lecture is known as being of the shortest lectures ever given. Even during her lecture, where she was to discuss poetry in some regard or another, she skeptically and humorously danced around the subject, evading any concrete statement on the matter. Yet she entertains poets, with regard to humanity as a whole. Though she confesses poetry in itself is not a profession, and therefore makes it sound rather frivolous. Despite this, she assures though in attendance and reading at later dates:  all poets wish to be read, appreciated and understood. She mentions the eccentric poets of previous years; ones who, dressed up in a variety of costumes and dresses; and behaved unconventionally. But they too would have to resign themselves from the party at one time or another shut the door and confront the white page, which is the only aspect of poetry that matters.

When it came to inspiration, Wisława Szymborska makes it quite clear no profession—especially poetry—has any monopoly on the matter. Yet, she expresses thanks to how grateful all poets (as well as: writers, artists, scientists, academics, philosophers) should be, in order to pursue their inclinations and predictions, which allows them to transcend the daily grind of existence. Where she counts them as ‘Fortunes darlings.’

Wisława Szymborska’s reticence on the matter of poetry and her reluctance to participating in interviews, worked in her favour. She steadily and skillfully avoided the pitfalls of falling into the snares of windbaggery—so in the event she did decide to discuss a matter or offer some insight or perspective on the matter of poetry, it was never stale or being reiterated. Her statements carried original thought and lighthearted gravity on the subject. Her gem like statements are few and far between, and are tragically brief. She never spoke for long on the subject of poetry, and rarely extended or elucidated her statements. Yet thankfully, towards the end of her life, she participated in a documentary by the Dutch journalist and filmmaker, John Albert Jansen, called: “End and Beginning: Meeting Meeting Wisława Szymborska,” which has been produced and distributed (I believe) by Jansen’s film company: Oogland Film Productions.

The other night, I had the wonderful opportunity to watch the above mentioned documentary. In just a short fifty-five minutes, Wisława Szymborska becomes a subject of film, all the while evading the microscope like glare and curiosity of the camera. When she is on the screen, her attention is directed away from the camera towards a friend (Ewa Lipska) or perhaps John Albert Jansen himself. She rarely looks into the camera, but when she does there’s a mischievous glint in her eyes, as she tells an anecdote or a joke. She is curiously evasive, and when is shown she appears distant, as she declines to acknowledge the cameras presence for long. It becomes concrete: Wisława Szymborska, poet and person; despite being a subject of a film is not a spectacle or an exhibit. This casual distance, however, only strengthens the intimacy of the documentary. Rather than making Szymborska a subject open to questioning and interrogations; while having her talk to her friends or other guests in her apartment, allows the viewers to become a casual observer of her usual interactions.

The films subject as already discussed is Wisława Szymborska, who artfully dodges and weaves away from the harsh glares of the camera. The film is intercepted with poetry readings, commentary from Szymborska and friends, as well as poetic scenes of urban and rural landscapes. In one particular scene, Ewa Lipska escorts camera and viewer to: Krupnicza Street number 22, where she informs them that it was a famous residence of many post-war polish writers, including Wisława Szymborska and her then husband Adam Włodek (they divorced in 1958, but remained good friends throughout their lives. He died in 1986). The scene is winter, and the sky a grey twilight. Ewa Lipska, stands beneath curved art nouveau like balconies, while the snow acts on its nature, and beckons gravities calls. In the distance sires ring out. The landscape is bleak and draped in greys, the concrete buildings lament better times. Yet, Lipska remembers fondly the memories of the time, when Wisława Szymborska lived there, and when Lipska herself inhabited the place later on. The parties they had were famous, she states; and remembers how one woman—a real looker—name Lola, had an admirer who would come and sit on the iron spiral staircase, and play his guitar for her. These private concerts usually took place after he was released from jail.

Of course no film about the poet could ever miss discussing the Nobel Prize. With humour found in her poems, friends describe the situation during the Nobel dinner, where Wisława Szymborska, lit a cigarette after the dinner. Of course, there was no smoking permitted in the gala dinner, in the Stockholm town hall. Dinner is served in gilded plates. Yet the dear poet, seated next to his majesty the King, lit a cigarette anyway. The king, according to the friends, seeing no other way out of the situation, lit a cigarette alongside her; and with slight humour there two wisps of smoke could be seen drifting in the sterile hall. This is just one of the many stories shared (not in the documentary but all around) with regards to Wisława Szymborska and the Nobel Prize—often referred to as: The Stockholm Tragedy, by friends and acquaintances.

The film closes with friends describing the poet. Each one comments on her remarkability as a legend of world poetry, while retaining her discretion and independence, where she is not enveloped or surrounded by gossip. One called her reserved, and warned if she did not maintain that reserved tone she would fall to pieces. Another praises her ability to imagine the different manifestations of people, and with thoughtful (and once again) reserved precision, depicts and celebrates them. Another, remarks on his admiration for the late poet and her acute perspective of the world, where she could cut through the difficulties of life like a razorblade, and with knowledge and wit, understand the irony, the beauty, and the ever splendid pleasures of the reality called life. This same friend has offered the best description of Szymborska’s poetry—it’s true, she is often called the Mozart of World Poetry, but the title is strikingly pompous and does not fit with the diminutive and graceful Wisława Szymborska—he called her poetry, constrained prose, which I found to be a fitting image of her poetry. Her poetry is deceptively simple, but welcoming and approachable. Within a few lines, Szymborska can at once celebrate the wonders and mysteries of life, and in the next, playfully scold human beings for being erring and unnecessarily vain, only to once again celebrate the mistakes they make.

End and Beginning: Meeting Wisława Szymborska,” would not be called a biographical film or documentary that is biographical in nature either. It’s a wonderful depiction of the poet, as well as portrait painted by friends. She is not seen sitting at the kitchen table or laying on the kitchen sofa, staring vacantly into space waiting for inspiration, she is gracefully animate as she talks, reminisces, and reads her poetry. Yet as a subject, she is easily elusive and evades being integrated or questioned. It’s an intimate film and a wonderful watch. Certainly my night with Wisława Szymborska, was well spent and a true delight. Fair warning though Gentle Reader, in the event you are able to see the film, and you watch it, do not expect Szymborska to betray her reticence; she may have welcomed the camera into the her home, and talked with friends, recited poetry, and told anecdotes, she never betrays her discretions or betrays her thoughts.

Thank-you For Reading Gentle Reader
Take Care
And As Always
Stay Well Read

M. Mary