Hello Gentle Reader,
In the last post discussing this year’s Booker Prize longlist,
there was a short mention of the Booker Prize in 1984, when Anita Brookner
proved to be the upstart of the year, and was forever condescended afterwards.
J.G. Ballard, famously imperious about the award before, became inconsolable in
his disgruntlement, going so far as to snarl at the pre-eminent art historian
and academic turned novelist: “You stole my Booker Prize.” At the time, though,
Ballard was the bookies favourite with his classic autobiographical novel
“Empire of the Sun.” A shoo-in, for sure. No contest. If not Ballard, then it
was to the then young Julian Barnes with his classic novel “Flaubert’s Parrot.”
Instead, the judges chaired by the historian and academic Richard Cobb; who in
turn was famous for his independent mind and thought, in addition to mischievous
streak; decided to award the relative newcomer Anita Brookner, with a novel
that was quiet and introspective in scope and spirit. What should have been a
roaring success, instead proved to be a ball and chain that would forever dog
and haunt Anita Brookner through her remaining literary career. Critics
(especially the young and arrogant ones) always referred to Brookner as ‘the
mistress of doom’ or ‘Modest Anita,’ decrying her novels of continually
circling with a vulture’s persistence over the same themes. Therefore, she was
most certainly writing the same book. Yet another spinster. Yet another
cardigan. Yet another hapless misadventure of a protagonist pining and yearning
for the affections of an unavailable man. It was never a case of love lost, but
rather, love never found. It became culturally acceptable to outrightly dismiss
anything Brookner produced as just another exploration of spinsterhood. What these
critics failed to see was Brookner as an accomplished eloquent and elegant
surveyor of far more subtler and compelling themes, such as: displacement, loss
of illusions, familiar obligations, growing old, and dare one say it, the sheer
disorienting experience of being, in a world indifferent to your existence. If
anything, Anita Brookner was as much a compelling examiner of the human
condition as any of her contemporaries. The difference? She just happened to
win a prize. The problem? The favourite to win the prize was already publicly
agreed upon, anything else, just wouldn’t do. Furthermore, Brookner was no
advocate or marketer for herself. Rather like her work, Brookner took a stoic approach
to literary life and success, never allowing herself to be caught up in the
entrapment of celebrity, let alone be coaxed into its embrace. As far as Brookner
was concerned: the books spoke on their own, succeeded on their own, or failed
on their own. For all of that, she would continually be crucified as ‘Poor,’
and ‘Modest,’ Anita, receiving condescending criticism; patronising pats on the
head; cast down to the bottom shelf, to make room for those who were considered
serious writers. Now, in September, the legendary biographer Hermoine Lee’s
commissioned study and biography of Anita Brookner will be published. No doubt,
Lee’s biography will renew interest into Brookner’s literary work. Though, one
can’t help imagining the difficulty it was to compile some semblance of a
biography of the writer who died peacefully ten years ago, with the satisfaction
of having left no personal papers, records or evidence for any biographer to
pick over, let alone attempt to ascertain the facts. The forthcoming biography
though, may still perhaps provide some context and texture to Brookner’s life,
which always remained guarded and compartmentalised, reducing the writer’s life
to a mere sketch or stencil, rather then full-blown and bodied portrait.
Judging the Booker Prize is no cake walk either. Just
ask Ronald Blythe or James Wood. When Blythe was apart of the judging committee
for the 1980 Booker Prize, the decision was only reached a mere 30 minutes
before the ceremony. Anthony Burgess, refused to attend the ceremony unless he
was confirmed to be the winner beforehand. Blythe’s own allegiances and
personal favourite was J.L. Carr’s novel “A Month in the Country,” but this
novel of steel enforced quiet strength, would lose out to William Golding’s
novel “Rites of Passage,” the first in what would become known as “To the Ends
of the Earth,” trilogy. It is important to note, the shortlist for the 1980
Booker Prize was a strong one. No wonder the judges were forced to deliberate
so late. In the case of James Wood, however, being apart of the judging
committee in 1994, was enough to swear him off being a part of any literary
prize jury going forward. Then there is the famous incident of Philip Larkin
chairing the judges for the 1977 Booker Prize, who threatened defenestration if
“Staying On,” by Paul Scott didn’t win the prize. Fortunately, for all windows
in Larkin’s vicinity were spared, as “Staying On,” won the award. In more
favoured terms, Larkin deserves thanks, for Barbara Pym being nominated and shortlisted
in 1977 for “Quartet in Autumn.” Larkin’s advocacy and assessment that Barbara
Pym was by far the most underappreciated and unevaluated writer at the time,
saw a literary revival for Pym, who was dismissed as being out of fashion and
too polite for the daring tastes of contemporary readers. The ones who
considered themselves liberated and revolutionised against the stodgy attitudes
of their parents and their prim domesticity.
These bouts of drama are merely part of the traditions
of the Booker Prize. Over the decades there have been many lively exchanges of
views, debates, insults and character assassinations shot across the bow. The last
big upstart perhaps was in 2011, when the Booker Prize judges remained
unapologetic in their push to prioritise and recongise novels of readability
over complexity. This inevitably sparked fierce debate amongst literary critics,
who sought to delineate works of literary merit for their ‘admirability,’ (relegating
a complex novel to the status of fine piece of art: an object to showcase and
off, but never crack open and read) to the notion of ‘readability,’ where the
books could in essence be consumed and enjoyed by all readers, not just a
selective few, which the judges argued was the point of the prize. In the end,
the chair of the years Booker prize judges, Dame Stella Rimington, famously compared
British literary critics and elites to the KGB in their campaign against that
years Booker Prize and its judges. The award ultimately went to Julian Barnes
and his novel “The Sense of an Ending,” which was designated the only true literary
novel on the shortlist.
In many ways, it is Anita Brookner to blame for invigorating
my slight renewed interest into the Booker Prize for the past couple of years. An
interest further provoked by Ronald Blythe’s biography, where Ian Collins
provided some details into Blythe’s experience as a judge of the prize,
highlighting the authors personal favourite: “A Month in the Country,” by J.L.
Carr which has now been added to my own list of future purchases and readings. Further
review of the Booker prize over the years, reveals a curios list of novels and thematic
preoccupations; elderly statesmen writers listed among young upstarts; stylistic
achievements which are sadly missing from today’s awards, with a few exceptions
such as, “The Long Take,” by Robin Robertson comes to mind. This retrospective
review reignited curiosity and interest in many writers who were caressed by
the Booker Prize’s Midas light, be it winner or listed contender, such as
Penelope Lively with “Moon Tiger,” Anna Burns with “Milkman,” Jim Crace with “Harvest,”
Penelope Fitzgerald with “Offshore,” Tan Twang Eng with “The Garden of Evening
Mists,” Michael Frayn with “Spies,” Anita Desai with “Clear Light of Day,” Robertson
Davis with “What’s Bred in the Bone,” and Tom McCarthy with “C.” This is only a
smattering. A mere taste of the eclectic novels and writers who have found
themselves in the prizes orbit. Though if I were to be asked which Booker winning
author is at the point of being criminally neglected now, it would be Bernice
Rubens, the only Welsh writer to have won the award with “The Elected Member,” in
1970, and who was again later shortlisted in 1978 for “A Five-Year Sentence,” another
intriguing psychological novel, which I look forward to getting my hands on.
This year, I decided to write down a few titles in my
journal that were considered in contention for the prize. The list was miscellaneous
in scope, having been compiled and framed by personal taste, having only the
descriptions and a few reviews to inform some impressionable early opinion. Others,
however, were marked to be included because either the writer had previously
won the award or was shortlisted, and it is almost guaranteed they are automatically
nominated. Precedence is also telling in the case of the Booker Prize: once a
writer wins once, it is expected that they win later down the line. Without further
delay here is the list I ruminated on beforehand:
* Douglas
Stuart – “John of John,”
** Elizabeth
Strout – “The Things We Never Say,”
Ben
Lerner – “Transcription,”
** Deborah
Levy – “My Year in Paris with Gertrude Stein,”
* Yann
Martel – “Son of Nobody,”
M.L.
Stedman – “A Far-flung Life,”
Makeena
Goodman – “Helen of Nowhere,”
Stephanie
Sy-Quia – “A Private Man,”
Neil
Tully – “The Visit,”
* Marlon
James – “The Disappearers,”
** Ali
Smith – “Glyph,”
* Howard
Jacobson – “Howl,”
** Sebastian
Barry – “The Newer World,”
Melissa
Harrison – “The Given World,”
** Will
Self – “The Quantity Theory of Morality,”
Sarah
Moss – “The Winter Guest,”
Keith
Ridgway – “Dooneen,”
Anne
Pratchett – “The Whistler,”
*** Tom McCarhty –
“The Rhyl Poster,”
Douglas Stuart, Yann Martel, Marlon James and Howard
Jacobon all previously won the Booker Prize.
Eliabeth Strout, Deborah Levy, Ali Smith, Sebastian
Barry, Will Self and Tom McCarthy all have previously been either nominated
(longlisted) or shortlisted for the Booker Prize. Tom McCarthy received one
extra note, as I was not entirely sure his novel “The Rhyl Poster,” was
published in the United Kingdom in time to be considered for the Booker Prize.
Of the listed titles, there were only a handful that
truly interested me, chief among them was Melissa Harrison’s novel “The Given
World,” which had all but surmised as the spiritual successor to Dylan Thomas’s
“Under Milk Wood.” “The Given World,” is described as a pastoral polyphonic
novel, exploring the notion of community beyond the definition of a shared
place or commune, but how individual lives are woven within the landscape and
history of place, creating existential and spiritual connections, in addition
to a shared history, and an oncoming ecological crisis. Told between the two equinoxes
of spring and autumn, Harrison has crafted a novel that has been praised for
its evocative and attentive language detailing the rural landscape; while critics
have singled out the narrative structure spread out amongst an ensemble of
characters, creates an authentic and choir-like voice, harmonising as the
natural world shifts and falters under human made change.
Further disappointment came when both Deborah Levy and
Ali Smith were denied a spot on the longlist. Deborah Levy and Ali Smith are by
far some of the more innovative writers in contemporary English language
literature. Initially their omission from the longlist, sparked a reaction and
immediate accusations that this years Booker Prize judges have shown a complete
disregard for innovative fiction. Though this accusation was quickly quelled by
the induction of M. John Harrison and his novel “The End of Everything,” which
pushes the genre exclusion accusation the Booker Prize is usually charged with.
In the case of Ali Smith, “Glyph,” is a companion or sibling novel to the earlier
published novel “Gliff,” from 2024. The first novel “Gliff,” was not part of
the longlist then, it therefore seemed unlikely that its sibling novel would be
longlisted two year later, unless it was to somehow to rectify an injustice by
the older omission. While Deborah Levy’s novel “My Year in Paris with Gertrude
Stein,” showcases Levy’s delight in always breaking the rules and pushing the limits
of fiction into the realm of essay and biography. Deborah Levy remains as delightfully
subversive as ever, never confirming. In the case of Will Self and his novel “The
Quantity Theory of Morality,” it may not be entirely surprising to see the
writer not included on the longlist. Personally, I think Will Self is an
acquired taste. Self’s showboating style reveals an impressive polysyllabic vocabulary
and delight in word play, which are all homages to the modernist forefathers;
but in Self’s hands, it becomes indulgent and inflated.
Perhaps it’s a testament to age, but one does gain a
certain appreciation for chamber pieces over larger and longer epicist orchestral
arrangements, where volume compensates and hides poor writing. Narratives that
are distilled, contained, intimate, even claustrophobic, require a jeweller’s
eye to detail and a tuners ear for tone. Despite what might be considered a limitation,
diminutive narratives thrive in revealing a world of possibility and depth that
are too easily dismissed as miniscule. These are the writers that understand
the world is easily contained within a window, not just a globe. “Mrs. Dalloway,”
for example takes place within the confines of a single ordinary day. The
thought and errand of purchasing flowers becomes the catalyst, by which Woolf voyages
into the consciousness, revealing all the impressionistic shimmering
watercolours of memory and emotional experience. The temporal fluidity reminiscence
possesses in its relation to time. Yet more importantly, it shows the
possibility of a life measured within the singular drop of a day, not
necessarily through a cartographic exploration of a life recounted in
documented detail. Which is perhaps why I viewed Sarah Moss’s novel “The Winter
Guest,” with some intrigue. The novel takes place in hotel on Ireland’s west
coast on Christmas Eve during a blizzard, whereby two complete strangers are
forced into each others company, and by the freedom anonymity of one another confess
and reveal their stories. The novel has been described as sharp and playful character
study, with a delectable dark twist. I do appreciate works that have a bit more
urgency in format, but delight in curating a private atmosphere to both ensnare
the characters and readers alike. Most importantly though, I appreciate a
writer who values psychological acuity and engaging character studies.
The rest were all intriguing for their own reasons. The
autobiographical inspired novel “A Private Man,” by Stephanie Sy-Quia, which
reads as an impossible love affair, but becomes a conflux of theological
service and passionate earthly desire. Keith
Ridgway’s novel “Dooneen,” appears to be a Dublin homecoming novel, compete
with labyrinthine structure and linguistic zeal, as any good Dublin novel would
have. Its also a digressive novel delighting in the sleight of hand in its disorientation,
embracing the uncanny, the absurd and one might even go so far as to say the
surreal, bringing to mind further questions regarding the nature of home (or ones
memory of it) and the act of homecoming.
While the longlist was initially viewed as underwhelming,
there are a few novels that have since provoked my interest. Chief amongst them
is Gwendoline Riley and her novel “The Palm House.” Riley’s literary reputation
is founded on the appreciation that she is a meticulous stylist. The kind of
writer whose whose prose is controlled and sharp, embracing scrutinizing
perspectives cutting away any sentimentality with a pathologist’s eye for
examination. Then comes the rejection of traditional linear plots, instead embracing
vignettes and chronological fragmentation to assemble narratives of emotional devastation
and impasses caused by dysfunctional families or parenteral strife. Gwendoline Riley’s
prose as described by critics brings to mind a surgical blade carving into ice:
focused, determined and precise; though thankfully not without a certain gallows
humour. This drollness saves Riley from being stranded either on the depths of
despair or the pinnacles of dreary. In “The Palm House,” Gwendoline Riley
continues to survey the existential themes of the contemporary era through the
lens of young professionals who are usurped and left despondent with life,
which has few carrots on offer, but plenty of stick to strike you with. Critics,
however, remain unanimous that it is Riley’s style and language that is the
real success of “The Palm House,” employing the poet’s dedication for
distillation to economical austerity finishing with translucent clarity
punctuated with revealing and understated annihilations. I also think Marlon
James’s novel “The Disappearers,” is a true contender for this year’s award. A novel
that moves unapologetically in the epic scope, but also as a social critique of
a society with strict demands of what is considered normal and acceptable, with
all the violent consequences this entails.
Now, the talk of the literary scene though currently is the
controversy surrounding Rachel Cusks new novel: “Life of M.” Leave it to Cusk
to inspire controversy without fail. Be it her own memoirs on motherhood or her
divorce, Rachel Cusk always inspires a strong reaction from literary critics
and readers alike. The supposed controversy surrounding “Life of M,” is that it
unapologetically takes elements of Natalie Portman’s life and caricaturises it
into a grotesque portrait of celebrity and all its superficiality, allowing to it
drift away from concrete reality and distort to its own means and measure. Apparently,
the actress who the titular ‘M,’ is based on is nonplussed about the depiction.
All the while Cusk is able to play both victim and villain from the pillory, she
finds herself in – again. The novel “Life of M,” has been called a literary assassination;
a complete (alleged) defacement and exploitation of Portman’s character and
personal life. Though if anyone knows Cusk or her literary work, the (alleged)
brilliance of Cusk’s work is entwined with an unflinching cold and clinical detachment,
which in any other terms would be defined and described as cruel. Despite this,
Cusk’s unsentimental scalpel prose has never shied away from the utilisation of
another’s life or experience for the writer’s own whim. In 2009 Cusk’s
publisher was forced to pulp the initial run of the memoir “The Last Supper: A
Summer in Italy,” after one man on holiday found himself in the book, and depicted
in an unflattering way, for which he threatened legal action. Then there was the
bombshell divorce memoir “Aftermath,” which unleashed he hounds of hell who
gladly chewed on Cusk, and would affirm her as the most recognisable literary enfant
terrible currently at work. Even Rachel Cusks groundbreaking “The Outline
Trilogy,” consisting of “Outline, “Transit,” and “Kudos,” were not without
controversy, with the Scottish author Damian Barr, commenting that Cusks
supposed fictional stencils were “thinner than a thin thing.”
The divisiveness of Rachel Cusk is evident in how she
is viewed and described in the literary canon. On the one side, she is one of
the great contemporary innovators of the English language. A writer who continues
to push the concept of literary self to the point of erasure, showcasing how
societal progress has all but homogenised individuality and experience into one
singularity. Detractors have argued and surmised her work is nothing short of narcissistic
narratives, cipher-oriented novels crafted with eloquent disinfected sentences,
with the end result nothing short of discombobulating diatribes of no
consequence. Rachel Cusks version of autofiction is an example of the form at
its worst and perhaps most indulgent, even when it’s trying not to be. Where
Annie Ernaux’s unflinchingly self- flagellation
of personal experience, memory and record are boiled down into a rendered chronicle
of retrospective of the personal in relation to history and social adjustment.
Rachel Cusk’s from of autofiction is a void or black hole. An all-consuming maw
consuming, mining, utilising and exploiting the lives around or within her vicinity
without consequence. “Life of M,” is no different. Unfortunately, the supposed “interrogation
of fame, power, beauty and truth,” has now been besmirched by gossip and questions
of literary and creative ethics, especially in the nature of autofiction. These
are otherwise tired, old and boorish debates. Still, one can’t help but have
some empathy for Rachel Cusk, who is always the ready-made lightning rod of
controversy. Forced to defend herself or coyly deny accusations of defacement
and slander on the grounds of literary merit or creativity. Yet, the work
itself, especially in the case of “Life of M,” begins to move continually
closer to tawdry tabloid over literary achievement. Regardless, there is no
doubt the controversy certainly helped the books sales.
The Booker Prize longlist may not have had much if any
of my own speculated inclusions; but many of the novels such as “The Palm
House,” “Switzy,” and “The Disappearers,” have moved out of the fray and taken
their position as serious contenders for the prize; while “Black Bag,” by Luke
Kennard shouldn’t be underestimated as a great satire of the current absurd and
maddening times we live in now. The Booker Prize perhaps still has some life pumping
in its veins. It may have watered itself down in a deluge when it opened its doors
on the premise of inclusion in 2014, but its back catalogue of winners and
nominees have plenty of surprises on offer, if you are up to digging and
sifting.
Thank you For Reading Gentle Reader
Take Care
And As Always
Stay Well Read
M. Mary
